| 1. Conservation Status |
|---|
| Scientific Name | Oryzias woworae |
| Common Name | Daisy’s Ricefish |
| Family | Adrianichthyidae |
| IUCN Status | Endangered (EN) |
| Distribution | Southeast Sulawesi (Indonesia) — small, isolated freshwater systems |
| Notes | Endemic to a tiny geographic range; threatened by habitat loss and water pollution. Highly suitable for ex‑situ conservation due to ease of captive reproduction. |
| 2. Natural Habitat & Ecology |
|---|
| Habitat Type | Clear, shallow streams and pools with moderate flow |
| Water | pH 7.0–7.5; GH 5–12; conductivity 80–200 µS/cm; temperature 24–28°C |
| Substrate | Sand, fine gravel, aquatic vegetation, filamentous algae |
| Behaviour | Surface‑to‑midwater schooling species; males display iridescent blue flanks and orange fins during courtship |
| 3. Water Chemistry Requirements |
|---|
| Temperature | 24–28°C |
| pH | 7.0–7.5 |
| Hardness | GH 5–12; KH 3–6 |
| Flow | Gentle to moderate; avoid strong currents |
| Lighting | Moderate; enhances male colouration |
| 4. Social Structure & Behaviour |
|---|
| Group Dynamics | Best kept in groups; breeding most successful with 1M:2–3F |
| Male Behaviour | Displays intense blue body sheen; vibratory courtship movements |
| Female Behaviour | Produces and carries egg clusters; selects deposition sites |
| Territoriality | Low; mild male–male competition during courtship |
| 5. Conditioning Protocol |
|---|
| Duration | 1–2 weeks |
| Diet | Live foods: daphnia, mosquito larvae, baby brine shrimp; high‑quality micro‑pellets |
| Environmental Stability | Stable warm temperature; dense floating plants; low stress |
| Indicators | Females develop visible egg clusters; males intensify colour |
| 6. Spawning Strategy |
|---|
| Method | Egg‑carrying fractional spawner; female carries eggs before deposition |
| Spawning Sites | Fine‑leaved plants, mosses, spawning mops, filamentous algae |
| Spawning Behaviour | Male courts female; eggs fertilised externally; female carries cluster for minutes to hours |
| Parental Care | None; adults may consume eggs if not separated |
| 7. Spawning Triggers |
|---|
| Pre‑Trigger | Warm, stable water; high‑quality diet; dense vegetation |
| Trigger Event | Consistent photoperiod (12–13 hours light); slight increase in feeding |
| Additional Stimuli | Soft morning light; mild water‑level changes |
| 8. Eggs & Incubation |
|---|
| Clutch Size | 10–25 eggs per spawn |
| Egg Type | Demersal, adhesive; carried by female via chorionic filaments |
| Incubation | 10–14 days at 26–28°C |
| Notes | Eggs are sensitive to fungus; gentle aeration improves hatch rate |
| 9. Larval Development |
|---|
| Day 0–2 | Larvae remain near substrate; yolk sac absorption |
| Day 3–5 | Free‑swimming; require high prey density |
| Week 1–2 | Rapid growth; schooling begins; pigmentation increases |
| Week 2–4 | Blue iridescence develops; fry tolerate wider foods |
| 10. First Foods & Feeding Schedule |
|---|
| Stage 1 (Day 3–7) | Infusoria, rotifers, paramecium |
| Stage 2 (Day 5–14) | Baby brine shrimp, microworms |
| Stage 3 (Week 2–4) | Moina, powdered fry foods |
| Stage 4 (4+ weeks) | Small live foods; micro‑pellets; increased feeding frequency |
